Catha edulis

(Vahl) Endl. (1841)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Celastrales Family: Celastraceae Genus: Catha

khat

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Evergreen shrubs, 1–5 m tall.

Stems: Young branches flattened with white, fine lenticels, glabrous becoming terete (cylindrical) with maturity.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite on mature branches and alternate on juvenile branches. Blades elliptic or narrowly elliptic, 4–7 × 2–4 cm. Apex obtusely shortly acuminate. Base narrowly attenuate, slightly decurrent. Blades leathery. Margins obtusely serrate. Veins pinnate, secondary veins reticulate. Petioles 3–8 mm. Stipules c. 2 mm. long, triangular-acicular.

Flowers: Flowers in axillary cymes single, small, 1.5–2 × as wide; peduncle 5–10 mm, 2–4–branched, branches short, less than 3 mm; pedicel 1–3 mm, up to 5 mm in fruit. Flowers bisexual (perfect), 3–5 mm in diameter. Calyx of 5 sepals, triangular–ovate, ca. 1 mm. Corolla of 5 petals, white, narrowly ovate or narrowly oblong. Stamens 5; filamentous, shorter than corolla. Disk thin, cupuliform, weakly 5-lobed, intrastaminal; anthers longitudinally dehiscent, introrse. Ovary superior, free, surrounded by disk, 3-locular; ovules erect, 2 per locule; stigma 3-lobed.

Fruit: Capsules orange–red; cylindric; ca. 8 × 3–4 mm; dehiscing from above; loculicidally in 3 valves; usually only 1 seed maturing per valve. Seeds black–brown; narrowly ovoid; 3–4 mm; with membranous basal wing.

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Only found in cultivation
O'ahu Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

Bibliography

Name Published In: Ench. Bot.: 575 (1841)

Other References

Frohlich & Lau 2012:32 (NEWNAT/O, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3616 Maui HAPI 7/11/1997
2 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James S. Miller|Mary Merello Miller 7854 Oahu HAPI 7/30/1992
3 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. elehaha drainage, upper waimea Roadside vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kawelo, k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/2003
4 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa Botanic Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hutchison, P.C. 2850 Oahu BISH 1/18/1967
5 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. foster botanic garden dappled shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2454 Oahu BISH 5/23/1986
6 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa, hspa former nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pearsall, g.a. Kauai BISH 9/20/1954
7 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa botanic garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hutchison, p.c. collector number: 2850 Oahu BISH 1/18/1967
8 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Elehaha drainage, upper Waimea Roadside vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kawelo, K. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/2003
9 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. oahu: foster botanical garden in honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN james s. miller|mary merello miller 7854 LSU 7/30/1992
10 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Honolulu, Foster Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Miller, J.S. 7854 Oahu BISH 7/30/1992
11 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. oahu island. honolulu. foster botanical garden Cultivated, from Africa. Acc. 71.0970. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. t. beck 1273 NY 9/8/1990
12 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Oahu: Foster Botanical Garden in Honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James S. Miller|Mary Merello Miller 7854 Missouri Botanical Garden 7/30/1992
13 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. waimea arboretum & botanical garden, 59-684 kamehameha hwy, south america section Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3616 NY 7/11/1997
14 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden, 59-684 Kamehameha Hwy, South America section Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3616 NY 7/11/1997
15 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Lawai Valley. Cultivated plants of the National Tropical Botanical Garden. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 5513 Kauai PTBG 1/31/1994
16 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa Botanic Garden, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hutchison, P. C. 2850 Maui US 1/18/1967
17 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. koloa, lawai valley, national tropical botanical garden; med. area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 5513 Kauai BISH 1/31/1994
18 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa botanic garden, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN p. c. hutchison 2850 Maui US 1/18/1967
19 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. honolulu, foster botanical garden Steep diverse lowland mesic cliffs with Nototrichium sp. nov., Panicum lineale, Stenogyne campanulata, Lepidium serra, Melicope pallida, Artemisia, Carex meyenii, Boehmeria grandis, Peucedanum, Sida fallax, Eragrostis variabilis, Lipochaeta connata, Machaerina angustifolia, Lysimachia glutinosa. Major threats: Erigeron, Kalanchoe, Goats. North aspect: collected during rappel on steep cliff; common with Eragrostis variabilis and Panicum lineale. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN miller, j.s. merello, m. collector number: 7854 Kauai BISH 7/30/1992
20 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Koloa, Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; Med. Area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 5513 Kauai BISH 1/31/1994
21 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa, HSPA former nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pearsall, G.A. s.n. Oahu BISH 9/20/1954
22 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honolua Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3616 Maui HAPI 7/11/1997
23 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James S. Miller|Mary Merello Miller 7854 Oahu HAPI 7/30/1992
24 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. elehaha drainage, upper waimea Roadside vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kawelo, k. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/2003
25 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa Botanic Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hutchison, P.C. 2850 Oahu BISH 1/18/1967
26 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. foster botanic garden dappled shade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2454 Oahu BISH 5/23/1986
27 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa, hspa former nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN pearsall, g.a. Kauai BISH 9/20/1954
28 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa botanic garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hutchison, p.c. collector number: 2850 Oahu BISH 1/18/1967
29 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Elehaha drainage, upper Waimea Roadside vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kawelo, K. s.n. Oahu BISH 12/9/2003
30 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. oahu: foster botanical garden in honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN james s. miller|mary merello miller 7854 LSU 7/30/1992
31 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Honolulu, Foster Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Miller, J.S. 7854 Oahu BISH 7/30/1992
32 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. oahu island. honolulu. foster botanical garden Cultivated, from Africa. Acc. 71.0970. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. t. beck 1273 NY 9/8/1990
33 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Oahu: Foster Botanical Garden in Honolulu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN James S. Miller|Mary Merello Miller 7854 Missouri Botanical Garden 7/30/1992
34 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. waimea arboretum & botanical garden, 59-684 kamehameha hwy, south america section Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3616 NY 7/11/1997
35 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden, 59-684 Kamehameha Hwy, South America section Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. R. Annable 3616 NY 7/11/1997
36 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Lawai Valley. Cultivated plants of the National Tropical Botanical Garden. Cultivated. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 5513 Kauai PTBG 1/31/1994
37 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa Botanic Garden, Honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hutchison, P. C. 2850 Maui US 1/18/1967
38 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. koloa, lawai valley, national tropical botanical garden; med. area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 5513 Kauai BISH 1/31/1994
39 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. wahiawa botanic garden, honolulu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN p. c. hutchison 2850 Maui US 1/18/1967
40 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. honolulu, foster botanical garden Steep diverse lowland mesic cliffs with Nototrichium sp. nov., Panicum lineale, Stenogyne campanulata, Lepidium serra, Melicope pallida, Artemisia, Carex meyenii, Boehmeria grandis, Peucedanum, Sida fallax, Eragrostis variabilis, Lipochaeta connata, Machaerina angustifolia, Lysimachia glutinosa. Major threats: Erigeron, Kalanchoe, Goats. North aspect: collected during rappel on steep cliff; common with Eragrostis variabilis and Panicum lineale. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN miller, j.s. merello, m. collector number: 7854 Kauai BISH 7/30/1992
41 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Koloa, Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden; Med. Area PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 5513 Kauai BISH 1/31/1994
42 Catha edulis (Vahl) Endl. Wahiawa, HSPA former nursery PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Pearsall, G.A. s.n. Oahu BISH 9/20/1954